On 28 December 2017, the Kazakh Senate approved the law for the ratification of the pending income tax with Ireland. The treaty, signed 26 April 2017, is the first of its kind between the two countries ({News-2017-05-31/T/6-previous coverage}). It will enter into force once the ratification instruments are exchanged and will apply from 1 January of the year following its entry into force.