On 17 July 2019, officials from Kuwait and Luxembourg concluded negotiations with the initialing of an amending protocol to the 2007 income and capital tax treaty between the two countries. The protocol is expected to be signed before the end of 2019 and includes amendments to implement the minimum BEPS standards for treaties and the OECD standards for information exchange and must be signed and ratified before entering into force. Note - The 2007 Kuwait-Luxembourg tax treaty is not yet in force.