On 24 September 2019, the General Court of the European Union issued its judgments in two appeals cases concerning the European Commission's 2015 decisions that Luxembourg and the Netherlands granted illegal State aid to Fiat Chrysler and Starbucks, respectively. Fiat Case In the Fiat case, the General Court upheld the decision of the European Commission that a tax ruling provided by Luxembourg to Fiat Chrysler Finance Europe in 2012 resulted in declared taxable profits that were lower than what market conditions would dictate. In its judgment, the Court dismissed all appeal actions and confirmed the validity of the Commission’s decision....