On 23 August 2023, the Czech Senate (upper chamber of Parliament) approved the bill for the ratification of the new income tax treaty with the United Arab Emirates. The new treaty, signed 24 May 2023, will enter into force once the ratification instruments are exchanged and will apply from 1 January of the year following its entry into force. Once the new treaty is in force and effective, the 1996 tax treaty between the two countries will cease to apply.