On 23 April 2025, Brazil's Senate (upper house of the National Congress) approved the ratification of the pending protocol to the 1975 income tax treaty with Sweden. The protocol, signed 19 March 2029, updates the treaty in line with the minimum BEPS standards and makes certain other changes. The protocol will enter into force 30 days after the ratification instruments are exchanged and will generally apply from 1 January of the year following its entry into force.